Transformer

What is Transformer ?

Transformer ek static device hai jo   electrical energy ko ek electrical circuit se another circuit me transfer karne ka karya karta hai, Aur bina frequency change kiye. Transformer Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction pe karya karta hai.Transformer core generally silicon steel ke bane hote hai  jo magnetic flux ko transfer karta hai. Transformer keval A.C. par karya karta hai.

Transformer mein ek ya do winding hoti hai. A.C.source  se connected ko Primary Winding aur jo load se connected ho secondary Winding kahte hai.

Working

Jab primary me alternating voltage V₁ di jati hai magnetic flux generate hota hai. Magnetic flux dono winding se link hote hai aur Faraday’s Law ke electromagnetic induction ke  according isme E.M.F. induce hoga jo E₁ aur E₂ hai.

Clearly 

Then

Voltage Transformation Ratio :-

Where,

E = Electromagnetic Force

V = Voltage

N = Number of Turns

K = Constant of voltage transformation ratio

Step-Up Transformer :-

Step-Up Transformer me primary winding me number of turns ki sankhya kam(less) aur secondary winding me number of turns ki sankhya jayada(more) hota ha.

                       N₂ > N₁ , E₂ > E₁ , V₂> V₁

Step-Down Transformer :-

Step Down Transformer me primary winding me number of turns ki sankhya jayada(more) aur secondary winding me number of turns ki sankhya kam(less) hota hai.

             N₂ < N₁ , E₂ < E₁ , V₂ < V₁

Losses in Transformer :-

1. Core Losses - (a) Eddy Current Losses

                             (b) Hysteresis Losses

2. Copper Losses

Types of Transformer :-

l Voltage ke aadhar pe -

1. Step-Up Transformer

2. Step-Down Transformer

l Phase ke adhar pe -

1. Single phase transformer

2. Three Phase Transformer

l Instrument Transformer

1. Current Transformer

2. Potential Transformer   

l Power transformer

l Distribution transformer

l Rectifier transformer

l Auto Transformer

Note :-

1. A.C. source se connected ko Primary aur load se connected Secondary kahte hai.

2. Transformer Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic induction ke principle par karya karta hai.

3. Primary winding aur Secondary winding ke beach(between) koi Electrical connection nahi hota hai. A.C.

4. A.C.  Power primary se secondary me Magnetic Flux ke through transfer hota hai.

5. Frequency me koi change nahi hota .Input aur Output ki Frequency same hota hai.